I go through a chapter of revelation and spot the links to old testament writings. Jan 04, 2010 there are no formal or direct quotations to the old testament ot in revelation. It has far more references to the hebrew scriptures than any other new testament book. Revelation to john appears to be a collection of separate. The use of the old testament in the book of revelation. The book is traditionally attributed to john the apostle, but the precise identity of the author remains a point of academic debate. Revelation contains more old testament references than any other new testament book almost 70 percent of its verses contain old testament references. Old testament references in the book of revelation fliphtml5. How many old testament quotations andor allusions are. T part v includes quotes from revelation found in genesis, exodus, numbers, psalms, isaiah, ezekiel, daniel, joel. Tenney, for example, identified 348 clear old testament references in the book of revelation.
On the other hand, unlike other nt works, it doesnt contain any direct quotations, only allusions. According to westcott and horts list of quotations from the old testament, of the 404 verses of revelation 278 contain references to the old testament. It may be admitted that the revelation has many surprising grammatical peculiarities. This summary of the book of revelation provides information about the title, author s, date of writing, chronology, theme, theology, outline, a brief overview, and the chapters of the book of revelation. How many old testament quotations andor allusions are there. Parallel passages in new testament quoted from old testament. The book of revelation has no direct quotations from the old testament, but it has about 550 references back to the old testament. How many times does john reference the old testament in. Of the 216 chapters, there are 318 references to the second coming. In writing revelation, john follows the pattern that was used in older apocalyptic writings in the old testament such as the book of daniel in the old testament, 1 esdras in the apocrypha, the book of enoch in the pseudepigrapha, the assumption of moses, and many other well known writings, including sections of the book of ezekiel in the old. Old testament references in the book of revelation rebel.
Finding jesus in every book of the old testament christ. An apocalyptic letter, it relies on visions, symbols, and old testament references to reveal the ultimate fulfillment of gods promise given to abraham in genesis. Aug 24, 2016 on the other hand, the king james study bible stated, of the 404 verses in the book revelation, 265 verses contain lines that allude to some 550 old testament references 1979. Porter concurred, the book of revelation is replete with allusions to the ot. Founder and director of ariel ministries there are over five hundred references to the old testament in the book of revelation. A crucial aspect of those old testament references in revelation. David mathewson assessing old testament allusions in the.
Dec 15, 2017 these old testament allusions are not greatly debated, so here we can merely give the references and a summary of their content. From as early as justin martyr in the second century a. Founder and director of ariel ministries there are over five. No other new testament book a has more old testament references than the book of revelation, yet. The texts we looked at this week, in both the beginning and the end of the book, show just how much of revelation is about jesus.
Nov 26, 20 some use this book to try and predict the future. The following examples are of necessity selective, but tend to point out the breadth of the authors knowledge of the old testament, the ways he uses the old testament, and the total dependence of the author on the old testament in writing his book. A brief overview it is observed that revelation contains more references to the old testament books than any other document in the new testament. Although theres no explicit old testament quotation in revelation, the book is filled with echoes and allusions to the old testament. The apocalyptic book of revelation is a symbolic glimpse. In fact, of the 39 old testament books, one writer has found that revelation alludes to 24 of them. There are over 600 references to the old testament in the book of. To see where the old testament references to the abyss in hebrew it is necessary to know which word or words in hebrew refer to it. It might be noted that in the 404 verses of revelation, westcott and horts greek new testament gives over five hundred references and allusions to the old testament. In revelation 20 it is prophesied that satan would be cast down to the abyss. A midrash is an ancient commentary on part of the hebrew scriptures. Revelation, apocalyptic writing and the old testament.
As you read revelation, a you will see many times b where john speaks as the old testament. There are no formal or direct quotations to the old testament ot in revelation. Almost every verse of revelation contains some sort of allusion to it. Eight interesting facts about revelations use of the old. Beale, therefore, regards this part of the chapter as a midrash. Old testament references verse numbers found in revelation approx 540 of them for god so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten son, that whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have everlasting life. The book revelation is the last book of the new testament as well as the bible. The book of revelation also called the revelation of john or the revelation of st. The following is a list of such references, but it makes no claim to being exhaustive or complete.
John the divine is an example of apocalyptic writing a form that delivers a message using symbols, images and numbers. Beale, johns use of the old testament in revelation, p. Beale has contributed the chapter on revelation to the book commentary on the new testament use of the old testament and in this commentary on revelation, he provides many references and connections between revelation and the old testament. Minor prophets, references to zechariah, joel, amos, and hosea are most. Revelation refers to a whole range of books from the old testament, right through the law, the historical books, poetry and the prophets. Revelation is all about jesus, about who he is, about what he has done. Four times the author identifies himself as john 1. The majority of the things found in the first twenty chapters of the book of revelation are found elsewhere in the old testament. The book of revelation is the only apocalyptic document in the new testament canon although there are short apocalyptic passages in various places in the gospels and the epistles, and an extended apocalyptic passage in the book of daniel in the old testament. Please remember the only difference between the old and new. Defilement gays abominations what heaven will be like benefits of. Its title is derived from the first word of the koine greek text. Old testament references verse numbers found in revelation approx 540 of them for god so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten son, that whosoever believeth.
Old testament references in the book of revelation by. New testament references to old testament scriptures. Steve moyise, the old testament in the book of revelation, p. Old testament references in the book of revelation there are over five hundred references to the old testament in the book of revelation. The importance of our familiarity with the old testament in order to understand the book of revelation cannot be overstated.
The book of revelation belongs to a class of chiefly jewish and later christian literature called apocalyptic. Cross references of old testament to revelation kayser. David mathewson assessing old testament allusions in the book of revelation dr mathewson did his research on the use of the ot in revelation. There are over five hundred references to the old testament in the book of. A survey of the abyss in the old and new testaments a. The kingdom was the high point of old testament prophecy and no prophet ever saw anything beyond that. Allusions in revelation from old testament christian forums.
How many old testament quotations andor allusions are there in. The word apocalypse has been borrowed from the book of revelation and applied to these other writings. The book of revelation often called the revelation to john, apocalypse of john, the revelation from jesus christ from its opening words, the apocalypse, the revelation, or simply revelation is the final book of the new testament, and consequently is also the final book of the christian bible. Revelation 1 is the first chapter of the book of revelation or the apocalypse of john in the new testament of the christian bible. He who overcomes will thus be clothed in white garments. Parts of the old testament, particularly in the book of daniel, are also written in the apocalyptic genre. The use of the old testament in the book of revelation by. On the other hand, the king james study bible stated, of the 404 verses in the book revelation, 265 verses contain lines that allude to some 550 old testament references 1979. Table of contents acknowledgments foreword homer hailey preface the old testament background of the book of revelation the number and analysis of old testament quotations the text used in the old testament allusions the purpose of the old testament allusions the place of the book of revelation in apocalyptic literature the times in which apocalyptic grew apocalyptic a reinterpretation. The apocalyptic book of revelation is a symbolic glimpse into. However, more than half of the references are in the psalms, isaiah, ezekiel and daniel. Oct 11, 2017 steve moyise, the old testament in the book of revelation, p. Revelation and the old testament apologetics press.
May 03, 2015 series revelation there are over allusions, parallels, and quotes from the old testament in the book of revelation. Old testament scriptures that refer to the book of revelation taken from the new kings james version down through the years of my personal studies and research where that i have study form many other resources, i have found where they state that there are over 500 hundred references in the old testament that can be found in the book of revelation. Old testament scriptures that refer to the book of revelation. There are over allusions, parallels, and quotes from the old testament in the book of revelation. Revelation, apocalyptic writing and the old testament grace.
Old testament references in revelation unsealed discussion. Series revelation there are over allusions, parallels, and quotes from the old testament in the book of revelation. Johns use of the old testamentpart 2 arming for armageddon. Among the old testament references in this chapter, about half of them in the verses 720 come from the book of daniel, especially daniel 7 and 10. Founder and director of ariel ministries there are over five hundred. Revelation to john, also called book of revelation or apocalypse of john, last book of the new testament. Revelation parallels, figures and typology in the old. Some of these can be more readily seen when comparing the greek of revelation with the greek translation of the old testament, known as. This is the reason for so many references to the old testament. Nov 21, 20 some use this book to try and predict the future. Certainly then, by having a good knowledge of the old testament, and especially such books as isaiah, ezekiel, daniel, and zechariah, one likely will have an easier time understanding the book of revelation.
Some of these references back to the old testament do speak of the very same thing as the revelation. The use of old testament in the book of revelation rizalde. Jesus and the book of revelation sabbath school lesson 3. The value of the book of revelation is that it provides such framework. Pentecost gives the number at 885, a few of the allusions given by bagsters bible being disputed. The close connection between the old and new testament is shown by the number of times the old testament is quoted in the new testament.
This is one reason why we often study both books together. Some of these can be more readily seen when comparing the greek of revelation with the greek translation of the old testament, known as the septuagint, or simply labeled as lxx. Understanding revelation from the old testament gods writer. This chapter contains the prologue of the book, followed by the vision and commission of john. So, go to the verse listed and see the old testament scripture that relates to it. This is a necessity to understanding and interpreting revelation correctly. This data draws primarily from publicdomain sources, especially the treasury of scripture knowledge, which provides most of the data.
About 340,000 cross references identify commonalities between different parts of the biblechains of similar themes, words, events, or people. Allusions in revelation from old testament silencehush. This especially is true when studying one of the most misunderstood books in the worldthe book of revelation. Down through the years of my personal studies and research where that i have study form many other resources, i have found where they state that there are over 500 hundred references in the old testament that can be found in the book of. Parallel passages in new testament quoted from old. There are over five hundred references to the old testament in the book of revelation. On the one hand, it is saturated with old testament imagery. Book of revelation read, study bible verses online. However, the material found in the last two chapters is totally new. Apologetics press revelation and the old testament. The following is a list of such references, but it makes no claim to being.
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